FRED :: The Fossil Record Electronic Database
| FRED Stages |
|---|
| Period (approx.) | Stage | Base Age (Ma) | Top Age (Ma) | Duplicate/Obsolete | Comments |
| Quaternary |
Modern (N) |
0.0 |
0.0 |
|
|
| Quaternary |
Holocene (Rec) |
0.012 |
0.0 |
|
|
| Quaternary |
Aranuian (Quar) |
0.014 |
0.0 |
Obsolete |
|
| Quaternary |
Otiran (Quti) |
0.06 |
0.014 |
Obsolete |
|
| Quaternary |
Upper Hawera Series (Qu) |
0.13 |
0.0 |
Obsolete |
|
| Quaternary |
Oturian (Qutu) |
0.13 |
0.06 |
Obsolete |
|
| Quaternary |
Haweran (Wq) |
0.34 |
0.0 |
|
|
| Quaternary |
Waimean (Quwe) |
0.37 |
0.13 |
Obsolete |
|
| Quaternary |
Hawera Series (Q) |
0.43 |
0.0 |
Obsolete |
|
| Quaternary |
Lower Hawera Series (Ql) |
0.43 |
0.13 |
Obsolete |
|
| Quaternary |
Terangian (Qutr) |
0.43 |
0.37 |
Obsolete |
|
| Quaternary |
Putikian (Wu) |
0.78 |
0.34 |
Obsolete |
|
| Quaternary |
Castlecliffian (WC) |
1.63 |
0.34 |
Duplicate |
|
| Quaternary |
Castlecliffian (Wc) |
1.63 |
0.34 |
|
|
| Quaternary |
Okehuan (Wk) |
1.63 |
0.78 |
Obsolete |
|
| Quaternary |
Marahauan (Wa) |
2.3 |
1.63 |
Obsolete |
|
| Quaternary |
Nukumaruan (WN) |
2.4 |
1.63 |
Duplicate |
|
| Quaternary |
Nukumaruan (Wn) |
2.4 |
1.63 |
|
|
| Quaternary |
Hautawan (Wh) |
2.4 |
2.3 |
Obsolete |
|
| Neogene |
Mangapanian (Wm) |
3.0 |
2.4 |
|
|
| Neogene |
Waitotaran (WW) |
3.7 |
2.4 |
Obsolete |
|
| Neogene |
Waitotaran (Ww) |
3.7 |
2.4 |
Obsolete |
|
| Neogene |
Waipipian (Wp) |
3.7 |
3.0 |
|
|
| Neogene |
Wanganui Series (W) |
5.33 |
0.0 |
|
|
| Neogene |
Opoitian (Wo) |
5.33 |
3.7 |
|
|
| Neogene |
Kapitean (Tk) |
7.2 |
5.33 |
|
|
| Neogene |
Taranaki Series (T) |
11.04 |
5.33 |
|
|
| Neogene |
Tongaporutuan (Tt) |
11.04 |
7.2 |
|
|
| Neogene |
Waiauan (Sw) |
13.05 |
11.04 |
|
|
| Neogene |
Lillburnian (Sl) |
15.1 |
13.05 |
|
|
| Neogene |
Southland Series (S) |
15.9 |
11.04 |
|
|
| Neogene |
Clifdenian (Sc) |
15.9 |
15.1 |
|
|
| Neogene |
Altonian (Sa) |
18.7 |
15.9 |
Duplicate |
|
| Neogene |
Hutchinsonian (Ph) |
18.7 |
15.9 |
Obsolete |
|
| Neogene |
Awamoan (Pa) |
18.7 |
15.9 |
Obsolete |
|
| Neogene |
Altonian (Pl) |
18.7 |
15.9 |
|
|
| Neogene |
Pareora Series (P) |
21.7 |
15.9 |
|
|
| Neogene |
Otaian (Po) |
21.7 |
18.7 |
|
|
| Neogene |
Waitakian (Lw) |
25.2 |
21.7 |
|
|
| Paleogene |
Duntroonian (Ld) |
27.3 |
25.2 |
|
|
| Paleogene |
Landon Series (L) |
34.6 |
21.7 |
|
|
| Paleogene |
Whaingaroan (Lwh) |
34.6 |
27.3 |
|
|
| Paleogene |
Runangan (Ar) |
36.7 |
34.6 |
|
|
| Paleogene |
Kaiatan (Ak) |
39.1 |
36.7 |
|
|
| Paleogene |
Arnold Series (A) |
42.6 |
34.6 |
|
|
| Paleogene |
Bortonian (Ab) |
42.6 |
39.1 |
|
|
| Paleogene |
Porangan (Dp) |
45.7 |
42.6 |
|
|
| Paleogene |
Heretaungan (Dh) |
48.9 |
45.7 |
|
|
| Paleogene |
Mangaorapan (Dm) |
52.0 |
48.9 |
|
|
| Paleogene |
Waipawan (Dw) |
56.0 |
52.0 |
|
|
| Paleogene |
Dannevirke Series (D) |
66.0 |
42.6 |
|
|
| Paleogene |
Wangaloan (Dwn) |
66.0 |
56.0 |
Obsolete |
|
| Paleogene |
Teurian (Mt) |
66.0 |
56.0 |
Duplicate |
|
| Paleogene |
Wangaloan (Mw) |
66.0 |
56.0 |
Obsolete |
|
| Paleogene |
Teurian (Dt) |
66.0 |
56.0 |
|
|
| Cretaceous |
Upper Haumurian (Mhu) |
79.0 |
66.0 |
|
|
| Cretaceous |
Haumurian (Mh) |
83.6 |
66.0 |
|
|
| Cretaceous |
Lower Haumurian (Mhl) |
83.6 |
79.0 |
|
|
| Cretaceous |
Mata Series (M) |
86.5 |
66.0 |
|
|
| Cretaceous |
Piripauan (Mp) |
86.5 |
83.6 |
|
|
| Cretaceous |
Teratan (Rt) |
90.5 |
86.5 |
|
|
| Cretaceous |
Mangaotanean (Rm) |
93.7 |
90.5 |
|
|
| Cretaceous |
Raukumara Series (R) |
95.2 |
86.5 |
|
|
| Cretaceous |
Arowhanan (Ra) |
95.2 |
93.7 |
|
|
| Cretaceous |
Ngaterian (Cn) |
99.5 |
95.2 |
|
|
| Cretaceous |
Motuan (Cm) |
103.3 |
99.5 |
|
|
| Cretaceous |
Clarence Series (C) |
108.4 |
95.2 |
|
|
| Cretaceous |
Urutawan (Cu) |
108.4 |
103.3 |
|
|
| Cretaceous |
Korangan (Uk) |
117.5 |
108.4 |
|
|
| Cretaceous |
Taitai Series (U) |
145.0 |
108.4 |
|
|
| Cretaceous |
pre-Korangan (Um) |
145.0 |
117.5 |
|
|
| Jurassic |
Waikatoan (Opw) |
148.2 |
145.0 |
|
|
| Jurassic |
Puaroan (Op) |
150.0 |
145.0 |
|
|
| Jurassic |
Oteke Series (O) |
150.0 |
145.0 |
|
|
| Jurassic |
Mangaoran (Opm) |
150.0 |
148.2 |
|
|
| Jurassic |
Ohauan (Ko) |
154.5 |
150.0 |
|
|
| Jurassic |
Heterian (Kh) |
164.3 |
154.5 |
|
|
| Jurassic |
Kawhia Series (K) |
176.0 |
150.0 |
|
|
| Jurassic |
Temaikan (Kt) |
176.0 |
164.3 |
|
|
| Jurassic |
Ururoan (Hu) |
188.9 |
176.0 |
|
|
| Jurassic |
Herangi Series (H) |
201.3 |
176.0 |
|
|
| Jurassic |
Aratauran (Ha) |
201.3 |
188.9 |
|
|
| Triassic |
Otapirian (Bo) |
208.5 |
201.3 |
|
|
| Triassic |
Warepan (Bw) |
217.0 |
208.5 |
|
|
| Triassic |
Otamitan (Bm) |
221.0 |
217.0 |
|
|
| Triassic |
Balfour Series (B) |
227.5 |
201.3 |
|
|
| Triassic |
Oretian (Br) |
227.5 |
221.0 |
|
|
| Triassic |
Kaihikuan (Gk) |
238.0 |
227.5 |
|
|
| Triassic |
Etalian (Ge) |
246.0 |
238.0 |
|
|
| Triassic |
Malakovian (Gm) |
249.0 |
246.0 |
|
|
| Triassic |
Gore Series (G) |
251.5 |
227.5 |
|
|
| Triassic |
Nelsonian (Gn) |
251.5 |
249.0 |
|
|
| Permian |
Makarewan (YDm) |
253.2 |
251.5 |
|
|
| Permian |
Waiitian (YDw) |
254.2 |
253.2 |
|
|
| Permian |
D'Urville Series (YD) |
259.8 |
251.5 |
|
|
| Permian |
Puruhauan (YDp) |
259.8 |
254.2 |
|
|
| Permian |
Flettian (YAf) |
266.0 |
259.8 |
|
|
| Permian |
Braxtonian (YAb) |
276.0 |
259.8 |
Obsolete |
|
| Permian |
Barrettian (YAr) |
276.0 |
266.0 |
|
|
| Permian |
Mangapirian (YAm) |
285.0 |
276.0 |
|
|
| Permian |
Aparima Series (YA) |
288.5 |
259.8 |
|
|
| Permian |
Telfordian (YAt) |
288.5 |
285.0 |
|
|
| Permian |
Permian (Y) |
298.9 |
252.2 |
|
|
| Permian |
pre-Telfordian (Ypt) |
298.9 |
288.5 |
|
|
| Carboniferous |
Carboniferous (F) |
358.9 |
298.9 |
|
|
| Devonian |
Famennian (Jfa) |
372.2 |
358.9 |
|
introduced 2012 |
| Devonian |
Upper Devonian (JU) |
382.7 |
358.9 |
|
|
| Devonian |
Frasnian (Jfr) |
382.7 |
372.2 |
|
introduced 2012 |
| Devonian |
Givetian (Jgi) |
387.7 |
382.7 |
|
introduced 2012 |
| Devonian |
Middle Devonian (JM) |
393.3 |
382.7 |
|
|
| Devonian |
Eifelian (Jei) |
393.3 |
387.7 |
|
introduced 2012 |
| Devonian |
Zlichovian (Jzl) |
405.0 |
399.0 |
Obsolete |
|
| Devonian |
Emsian (Jem) |
407.6 |
393.3 |
|
|
| Devonian |
Pragian (Jpr) |
410.8 |
407.6 |
|
|
| Devonian |
Devonian (J) |
419.2 |
358.9 |
|
|
| Devonian |
Lochkovian (Jlo) |
419.2 |
410.8 |
|
|
| Silurian |
Pridoli Series (Epr) |
423.0 |
419.2 |
|
|
| Silurian |
Ludfordian (Eld) |
425.6 |
423.0 |
|
introduced 2012 |
| Silurian |
Ludlow Series (Elu) |
427.4 |
423.0 |
|
|
| Silurian |
Gorstian (Ego) |
427.4 |
425.6 |
|
introduced 2012 |
| Silurian |
Homerian (Eho) |
430.5 |
427.4 |
|
introduced 2012 |
| Silurian |
Wenlock Series (Ewe) |
433.4 |
427.4 |
|
|
| Silurian |
Sheinwoodian (Esh) |
433.4 |
430.5 |
|
introduced 2012 |
| Silurian |
Telychian (Ete) |
438.5 |
433.4 |
|
introduced 2012 |
| Silurian |
Aeronian (Eae) |
440.8 |
438.5 |
|
introduced 2012 |
| Silurian |
Silurian (E) |
443.8 |
419.2 |
|
|
| Silurian |
Llandovery Series (Ela) |
443.8 |
433.4 |
|
|
| Silurian |
Rhuddanian (Erh) |
443.8 |
440.8 |
|
introduced 2012 |
| Ordovician |
Hirnantian (Vhi) |
445.2 |
443.8 |
|
|
| Ordovician |
Bolindian (Vbo) |
448.4 |
443.8 |
|
|
| Ordovician |
Ashgill Series (Vas) |
448.4 |
443.8 |
Obsolete |
|
| Ordovician |
Eastonian (Vea) |
453.0 |
448.4 |
|
|
| Ordovician |
Katian (Vka) |
456.1 |
445.2 |
|
|
| Ordovician |
Caradoc Series (Vcd) |
458.4 |
448.4 |
Obsolete |
|
| Ordovician |
Sandbian (Vsa) |
458.4 |
453.0 |
|
|
| Ordovician |
Gisbornian (Vgi) |
458.4 |
453.0 |
|
|
| Ordovician |
Llandeilo Series (Vld) |
460.5 |
458.4 |
Obsolete |
|
| Ordovician |
Llanvirn Series (Vln) |
465.3 |
458.4 |
Obsolete |
|
| Ordovician |
Darriwilian (Vda) |
467.3 |
458.4 |
|
|
| Ordovician |
Yapeenian (Vya) |
468.3 |
467.3 |
|
|
| Ordovician |
Dapingian (Vdp) |
470.0 |
467.3 |
|
|
| Ordovician |
Castlemainian (Vca) |
470.0 |
468.3 |
|
|
| Ordovician |
Chewtonian (Vch) |
472.4 |
470.0 |
|
|
| Ordovician |
Bendigonian (Vbe) |
476.0 |
472.4 |
|
|
| Ordovician |
Arenig Series (Var) |
477.7 |
465.3 |
Obsolete |
|
| Ordovician |
Floian (Vfl) |
477.7 |
470.0 |
|
|
| Ordovician |
Lancefieldian (Vla) |
484.3 |
476.0 |
|
|
| Ordovician |
Ordovician (V) |
485.4 |
443.8 |
|
|
| Ordovician |
Tremadocian (Vtr) |
485.4 |
477.7 |
|
|
| Ordovician |
Pre-Lancefieldian (Vpl) |
485.4 |
484.3 |
|
|
| Ordovician |
Warendan (Vwa) |
485.4 |
484.3 |
|
introduced 2012 |
| Cambrian |
Datsonian (Xda) |
486.8 |
485.4 |
|
|
| Cambrian |
Payntonian (Xpa) |
489.5 |
486.8 |
|
|
| Cambrian |
Iverian (Xiv) |
494.0 |
489.5 |
|
|
| Cambrian |
Idamean (Xid) |
497.0 |
494.0 |
|
|
| Cambrian |
Mindyallan (Xmi) |
499.0 |
497.0 |
|
|
| Cambrian |
Boomerangian (Xbo) |
500.5 |
499.0 |
|
|
| Cambrian |
Undillan (Xun) |
503.0 |
500.5 |
|
|
| Cambrian |
Floran (Xfl) |
504.5 |
503.0 |
|
|
| Cambrian |
Templetonian (Xte) |
508.0 |
504.5 |
Obsolete |
|
| Cambrian |
Ordian (Xor) |
511.5 |
508.0 |
|
|
| Cambrian |
Cambrian (X) |
541.0 |
485.4 |
|
|
| Cambrian |
Lower Cambrian (XL) |
541.0 |
511.5 |
|
|
| |
not determined (nd) |
999.9 |
0.0 |
|
|
| |
no fossils (nf) |
999.9 |
0.0 |
|
|
| |
Proterozoic (Z) |
999.9 |
541.0 |
|
|
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